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| 药物名称 | 分子靶点 | ATC编码 | 适应症 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cefroxadine | Penicillin-binding protein 1B | J01DB11 | Was used for the treatment of bacterial infections. |
| Clobazam | GABA-A receptor (anion channel) (Protein Group) | N05BA09 | For treatment and management of epilepsy and seizures associated with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome, a difficult-to-treat form of childhood epilepsy. |
| Isopropamide | Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3;Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4 | A03CA01 | For the treatment of a wide range of gastrointestinal disorders, including such conditions as peptic ulcer, gastritis, hyperchlorhydria, functional diarrhea, irritable or spastic colon, pyloroduodenal irritability, pylorospasm, acute nonspecific gastroenteritis, biliary dyskinesia and chronic cholelithiasis, duodenitis, gastrointestinal spasm; it may also be used to treat genitourinary spasm. |
| Methazolamide | Carbonic anhydrase 1;Carbonic anhydrase 2;Carbonic anhydrase 4;Carbonic anhydrase 7;Carbonic anhydrase 3 | S01EC05 | For treatment of chronic open-angle glaucoma and acute angle-closure glaucoma |
| Pranlukast | C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 | R03DC02 | Used as an adjunct to the standard therapy of inhaled steroids with inhaled long- and/or short-acting beta-agonists. |
| Tazarotene | Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 5 | D05AX05 | Used to treat psoriasis, acne and sun damaged skin (photodamage). |
| Tiapride | T-cell-specific surface glycoprotein CD28 | N05AL03 | Tiapride is indicated for the treatment of a variety of neurological and psychiatric disorders including dyskinesia, alcohol withdrawal syndrome, negative symptoms of psychosis, and agitation and aggression in the elderly. |
| Acetylcarnitine | Solute carrier family 22 member 21;Solute carrier family 22 member 5 | N06BX12 | Acetylcarnitine is not approved for any indication in the United states and Canada, but it is approved and indicated in Italy for cerebrovascular disorders, mental function disorders, peripheral nerve disorders, diabetic neuropathy, and nutritional supplementation; Portugal for mental function disorders; Argentina for cerebral vasculopathy, nutritional supplementation, and peripheral neuropathy; Chile for dementia; Philippines for cerebrovascular disorders and mental function disorders; Australia for nutritional supplementation; and India for nutritional supplementation to increase sperm count. Acetylcarnitine also has several potential therapeutic indications for which it is still being investigated: in Norway, acetylcarnitine is in a phase IV trial for prophylactic treatment of migraines; in Italy acetylcarnitine is in a phase II trial for use in patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, a phase III trial for alleviating fatigue in patients with chronic hepatitis C, and for use in patients with Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy; in the United States acetylcarnitine is in a phase II trial for the neurodegenerative disorder Progressive Supranuclear Palsy, a phase II and III trial for reducing peripheral neuropathy in cancer patients as an adjunct to chemotherapy, a phase I and II trial for treating patients in septic shock, a phase II trial for bipolar depression, a phase II trial to reduce oxidative stress in patients with Sickle Cell disease, a phase I and II trial for chronic fatigue syndrome, and a study for preventing nerve damage in HIV patients; in China acetylcarnitine is in a phase III trial for reducing peripheral neuropathy in cancer patients as an adjunct to chemotherapy; in the United Kingdom acetylcarnitine is being investigated for preventing nerve damage in HIV patients; and in Israel acetylcarnitine is being studied for the treatment of male infertility. |
| Degarelix | Gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor | L02BX02 | Degaralix is used for the management of advanced prostate cancer. |
| Isoprenaline | Beta-1 adrenergic receptor;Beta-2 adrenergic receptor;Beta-3 adrenergic receptor;Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1;Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha;Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta;Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase | C01CA02 | For the treatment of mild or transient episodes of heart block that do not require electric shock or pacemaker therapy also used in management of asthma and chronic bronchitis |
| Metharbital | Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1;Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2;Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3;Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4;Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5;Gamma-amin | N03AA30 | Metharbital is used for the treatment of epilepsy. |
| Omacetaxine mepesuccinate | 50S ribosomal protein L2;60S ribosomal protein L3 | L01XX40 | Used in patients who are intolerant and/or resistant to two or more tyrosine kinase inhibitors used to treat accelerated or chronic phase CML. |
| Romidepsin | Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 12 | L01XX39 | For the treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) or/and peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) in patients who have received at least one prior systemic therapy. These indications are based on response rate. Clinical benefit such as improvement in overall survival has not been demonstrated. |
| Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate | Neuronal acetylcholine receptor; alpha3/beta4;Neuronal acetylcholine receptor; alpha4/beta2 | V09BA01 | Technetium Tc-99m oxidronate is indicated in adult and pediatric patients to be used in skeletal imaging for diagnosis of areas that can present altered osteogenesis. When administered intravenously, it is able to generate a clear image of the bones which allows the physician to diagnose any bone problem.[6] It is important to point out that this drug has to be manipulated only under the service of a nuclear specialist.[5] The approved indications for a bone scan are 1) visualization of tumor metastasis in bone, 2) osteomyelitis, 3) fracture, 4) stress fracture, 5) avascular necrosis, 6) osteoporosis and 7) prosthetic joint evaluation. From all the major indications, the detection of a metastatic disease is the most common because it presents a 95% of sensitivity and lesion detection can be done 6 months earlier than with X-ray studies.[4] |
| Abetimus | Bifunctional tail protein | L04AA22 | Investigated for use/treatment in kidney disease and systemic lupus erythematosus. |
| Acetylcholine | Acetylcholinesterase;Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1;Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2;Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3;Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4;Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-7 | S01EB09 | Used to obtain miosis of the iris in seconds after delivery of the lens in cataract surgery, in penetrating keratoplasty, iridectomy and other anterior segment surgery where rapid miosis may be required. |
| Ceftizoxime | MecA PBP2' (penicillin binding protein 2');Penicillin-binding protein 1A;Penicillin-binding protein 1B;Peptidoglycan synthase FtsI | J01DD07 | For the treatment of infections due to susceptible strains of microorganisms. |
| Clemastine | Histamine H1 receptor | D04AA14 | For the relief of symptoms associated with allergic rhinitis such as sneezing, rhinorrhea, pruritus and acrimation. Also for the management of mild, uncomplicated allergic skin manifestations of urticaria and angioedema. Used as self-medication for temporary relief of symptoms associated with the common cold. |
| Delavirdine | Reverse transcriptase/RNaseH | J05AG02 | For the treatment of HIV-1 infection in combination with appropriate antiretroviral agents when therapy is warranted |
| Flunarizine | Voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1G;Voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1H;Voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1I;Histamine H1 receptor;Calmodulin | N07CA03 | Used in the prophylaxis of migraine, occlusive peripheral vascular disease, vertigo of central and peripheral origin, and as an adjuvant in the therapy of epilepsy. |
